Radiator-box damper



March 24, 1931. C. Q 5H|pp i 1,797,246

RADIATOR BOX DAMFE R Filed April 24, 1929 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 f fdr/mfc.

March g4, 1931. C. Q 5H|PP 1,797,246

RADTATOR B0X DAMPMR Filed April 24, 1929 Sheets-Sheet 2 Patented Mar. 24,1931

UNITED! STAT-ESQ CLARENCE C. YSHI-PP, -O-F INDIANAPOLIS, -IN DIANA RAniAToR-Box DAMPER Application lcd April. 24,

4This invention relates to means for introducingair from outside of a building to withf inthe building'across a heating radiator. 'In the heretofore commonlyV luse d structures for 5 thislpurpose, a passageway has been `provided throughy the Vwall ,of the building back of a KK lheating radiator and asingle damper was'po- ,'sitioned in the passageway to swing away frointhe radiator outwardly to an, open posi-Y 10 tion so thatfthe opening of the damper Vhad to be ymade against theiniiowing air.

' y Inschool rooms, auditoriums, and the like, whcreit is `immerative to provideiventilation by changing the air within the rooms, a partial vacuum is lactually maintained in the rooms' when the air is to bechangcd by lues 0r fans designed to withdraw the air from the rooms:l Therefore, it is to be seen that with the employment of the damper heretofore used as above described, there is considerable pressure exerted acfainstthe damper tending to swing it inward y due to the air tending to flow therepast to replace that in the room which hasbeen withdrawn. Along with-this problem of the incoming .air tending to force the damper closed was to be considered the fact 'that the vthermostat commonly `used to open the damper operated only to pull 'the `damper open upon a certain roomtemperae ,30' ture being .reached so that, such as in the morning, whenthe air Withdrawal device was .first set in operation, no fresh air could pass thedamper until Vafter the room reached the temperature at which the thermostat would normally tend to start pulling the damper open'. The lresult was that the air-was not 'changed in the room as frequently as was necessary. My invention overcomes the difficulties as 40y above described, and has among its principal objects, the automatic opening of dampers tol permit an inflow of fresh air irrespective of a thermostat,immediately upon creat-ion of a Qofwalls`- slight vacuum `within the room being ventii 'V15 lated; ,and Va further opening of the dampers upon a lpredetermined increase in r'oomtemv-perature. Other important objects are the provision of a structure that tends toserveas a 'baille infretarding sudden gusts lof wind from'passing the damper into-the room; that 192,9. Serial N0.,357,855.

is removably secured from the inside of the building vto permiteasyreplacement of, or workonthedampers; and' that has shielded f damper hinges (protected from moisture and dust and that will not corrode.

vThese and other objects will be apparent in'theffollowing description of one particular form vof my invention made in `reference to the accompanyingdrawings,'in which;

' y1is a frontelevation ofaheat-ing radi- 530 ator with my vinvention applied'thereto; f

Fig. 2, a lvertical Vsectionfonan enlarged scale on the lline'Q-Q in Fig.` ll; Y Fig. 3,*averticalelevationon'the line 3-3 in Fig.' 1'; Y y @5f F ig. 4,'a Vertical elevation on theline 4 4 Fig.f 5,a horizontal section through theend y of the radiator housing `onthe line 5-,5 in Fig.3; V y vFig. 6, Aa fragmentary front perspective view ofthe damper'box andlower radiator husnea' r Figlia horizontal sect-ion on the line 7 -7 in'FigfQ; and l Fig. 8, a detail in bottom plan view of the lower radiator box housing door fastening means.

Like ycharacters Aof reference indicate like parts kthroughout the .several views in the drawings. Y v- In erectingthe wall lOof the building in which the invention is to be applied, a wall box ll'is properly positioned in the wall with the baiiles l2 across its outer opening to provent entrance of irain,` sleet-and snow, and a screen 13 -to prevent entrance` of foreign matter', all as has been commonly employed. heretoforafthe particular details of the box not forming apart ofthe invention herein 'il described.,` A, box extension 14 is Vprovided 4'to telescope over the kboxfl'l vso as to provide ai boxstructure extensible `for varying widths RYE v From the insidevof-thef wall 10 is imbeded therein'the lrectangular wooden frame 1*-5, having the morta-r cleats 16 secured therelarcundyto securely `"retain-the frame in place, Against theinner 'face oftheframe 15 is posi-` tioned'and attachedthereto bythe screws 17 the flange 18 of the rear section 19 of the radiator housing base generally designated by the numeral 20. The section 19 is rectangular in cross-section in planes parallel to the flange 18 and projects forwardly from the tlano'e a short distance.

A damper box 21 is entered from the rear of the sect-ion 19 and secured thereto preferably by welding. The damper box 21 is thus made a part of the section 19 and projects rearwardly from the flange 18 through the frame 15 and slidingly into the extension 14, the damper box 21 therefore being removable from the wall 10 upon removal of the section 19.

lithin the damper box 21, Fig. 2, is a centrallylocated floor 22 parallel to the top and bottom of the box. `From the forward edge of this floor 22, a plate 23 is curved around to extend inV an inclined plane rearwardly and upwardly to have a forwardly turned flange 24 fixed to the under side of the top of the damper box 21.

From the rear .or outer edge of the .floor 22, a' plate 25 is curved around to extend in an inclined plane forwardly and downwardly to have its lower forward edge in contact with and welded to the bottom of the damper box 21. In each of the plates 23 and 25 is cut a rectangular opening substantially over the entire area leaving only a bearing surface around the opening f-or'the dampersor doors 26 and 27 to rest thereon as closures for the openings. Y Y

he door 27has its upper end rolled 'to hold therein the hinge rod 28 preferably made of brass or bronze to prevent corroding, and the hinge plates 29, 30, 31 are notched into the rolled edge to receive therethrough the rod 28. The plates 29, 30, 31 are removablybolted to the floor 22, Figs. 2 and 7 to carry the hinge side of the door up within the angular space forwardly of the juncture of the plate 25 with the floor 22 so as to permit the door 27 to be swung upwardly against the underside of the floor 22. The hinge of the door 27 is thus concealed and protected from dust and moisture that may be carried by the air coming through the box 11 toward the door 27.

VSimilarly the door 26 is hinged removably to the upper side of the box 21 with the hinge concealed and covered from the rear or .outer side within the angular space immediately forward of plate 23 at its juncture with the box 21. Both doors 26 and 27 being hinged by their upper ends and inclining downwardly and inwardly may be lifted Vby air traveling thereagainst from outside the wall 10 to permit the air to pass through the openings in the plates 23an-d 25 to overcome a partial vacuum that may be produced on the inside of the wall 10.

A radiator 33 is hung on the inside of the wall 10 bythe brackets 3l and 35, Fig. 1,

to have two sections at each end thereof project longitudinally past the box 20. The lower end of the radiator 33 is positioned to have the box section 19 extend thereunder and up along the outer sides of that part of the radiator therein, the sides terminating substantially on vertical lines centrally of the radiator above the section interconnecting nipples, with a semi-circular cut out 54 closely fitting around the back sides of the nipples, and the sides being cut off diagonally rearwardly thereunder, Figs. 3 and 6, back to the lower front edge of the section 19. The upper forward edge of the section 19 extending between the sides thereof terminates substantially against the back sides of the sections of the radiator 33 and has an upturned flange 55 extending to the same level as the two side edges. A front base section 36 is formed with a front wall curved downwardly and rearwardly to extend backwardly and about by its rear edge to abut the forward bottom edge of the floor of the section 19. The section 36 also has two sides extending rearwardly to abut the front edges of the respective sides of the section 19,v with semi-circular cut outs 37 around the radiator section coupling nipplesfthe top edges of the side walls and front wall of the section 36 being in the saine plane as that of the rear section side walls and flange 3.5.

The front section 36 is secured to the rear section by means of the screws 38 passing through each side and screw-threadedly engaging in the arm 39 projecting forwardly from the section 19 on each'side, Figs. 2 and 6.

ItV is thus to be seen that the lower part of the radiator 33 is completely enclosed by the box 2O to the end that only air coming .past the damp'ers 26 and 27 may pass up through the radiator 33. The box 2O is supported from the radiator 33 at each end by a U-bolt 40 encircling thefradiator nipple 41 from above and passing by its ends down through the eyes 42, 43 fixed on the sides of the sections 19 and 36 respectively, Fig. 3.

, Av housing 44 open at the top and bottom and comprised of front and rear halves slidingly fitted together vertically on their sides, is carried in a slotted strip 46 around the top edge of the box 20, and completely surrounds that group of radiator sections projecting from the box 20 for substantially the entire height of the sections. A thermostat 56, the detailed construction of which is well known to those versed in the artand is therefore not here shown in detail is mounted on theV back side of the housing 44 and has a chain 47 suspended from its movable unit 48, Fig..2, with a spring 49 therebetween.

The chain-'47 passes down around the front side of the pulley 49 mounted on the top of the section 19, and through into the section leo 19 to'enga-gethearm-50rxed to the damper f 26. A length of'1 chain 51 isV vfixed to the" armOabove and-to thearin 52 below. onthe l( damper? 27,"andis ifsulchfl'ength that vWhen the chain@ lifts the damper 26 the damper 2 7"Will also be; lifted,l and when the damper l Figs. 2`and 6"; kto haveits loopedend or eye thereabove and aspring 55 is engaged inthe eyeand't'o a 'chain 5 6 extending from the springup'to thek arm 5t). In seine States, laws' 'relating to ventilation of schools andthe like prohibit',y the recirculation of' air Within a room, inwhich`case, the door 53 is held closed y'against tlrebottom of the boX 20vby the Normally, the

.buttons`57, Figs.. 2 and 8.` 5 '(loor53is `openv afs indicated in Fig. 2.

` In describing theoperation of the invenl tion, yit Willfbe assulned'vfirst that the air from .the rooni on the inside ofthe Wall l0 is not heving( exhausted aswvouldr'be the Vcase during (fthe night.l p Y u is then practically the. salnjeas that outside the .Wall l10 so that the' .pres`sure is,..eopulal-` on Y bothl the outer andninn'er'sides of the dainpers V'to remainclosed, with the` bottoni door v53 open.. Heat -from the radiator 33 Will cause a How of air in,v throughv the door passage- Way 53 and up through the radiator housing f .All and out pintothegL room so that thefrooin may Abe heated byg circulation of air entirely tl'ierewith'in. New -shouldthe ,temperature offtherooin riseiabove that yde'sired',the ther- 1nostat-56 \vill operateE .to pull the chain 47 KYso as toliftla'nd 1openfthe dainpers 26 and 27 'andclosefthe door 53V to let outside air enter through the boX2O and'pass up over the radiator 33t through the housing 44.

i Assuming that rthe, room temperature is at `or below that desired and that theV air isstart. Ied, tobeing exhaustedffroin the roonil a par-` tial `v`vacuum vis produced that fcauses the. dampers 26 and 2'?V to opendueto) the higher pressure from .Without so that upon Vinaintaining aconstant Withdrawal of air from the open and, remain open as long as the vacuum is ,1naintained K When'. the.r dainper'si'26 'and 27'open, the' )Y door y53 r,is ,moved toward itfsy closingk position. o.

56 may operate to open the da1npers'26 and 27 further.

cut* outl reetangularlyvv back from its yfront i edge, anda door 453 is hinged'by its back edge to A Cotter vpin5fl ispassedth-rough the door,y

'Ifhe pressure. vWithin, the room` v.26 and '27I and they therefore normally tend Arooinygthe, dampers2b` and 27 automaticallyl Theivactlum in thegrooxnlivill cause only ar partial ,opnlgflgr of the dampers; and as *thei heatcornes invv theradi'ator's andthe roor'nf temperature rises suiciejntly, the 'thermostat` In i other` Words, `upon exhaustion 'offv air.- froln the roo1n5therefi'san automatic small:-

opening ofithedampers entirelyindependent".

of a thermostat or other mechanical Ineans and operation: of. the.' 'dampersj` between# that small jopenin'gan'di the-full opening; is :effectr 1 ed 'Y by thermostat means .-.as @affecte-d by ro'onr temperatures'. The' 1dampers-are notopenedi againstt'he outside pressure buit Withlan'd by i l rsf inea-ns of it. Byprovidingtvfofdanipers 26` andr 27-in1plaeelofasingle damper-Which may Y in some clases fbe 'desirable,f jtlie.- combined effective openings along thei front "edges 'of 1 'the dampersis twice-that" secured from a.. u -sofsingle; damper' for the same lift.- f `Also: by placing a- I plurality of dainlpersacross the opening-to the` housing'of the radiator,` an effectivebaile is introduced that Will'tendito prevent sudden gusts *ofil Wind f from unduly surgingthrough the opening.

IVhile'V I have lhere shown; and

to me; it' isi obvious that man-y' strue'tural chanoesinay be made therefrom Without departing frolnj the #spirit of` the invention,y and I'therefore do' not desire tofbe limitediftor that f precise for1n5 .nor any more than may' be required bj the follovvingclaims#` l I'claiin: i Y l.-- 'In a yconibinedf radiator# box-r Lkbasey and.

- wall box, an outer box, Y a damper boxglan-ex 'tension lsleeve telescopically interconnecting n said tvvo boxes, al` dainperrh'ingedly 'support-eel byv its upper end in said damper-boX-ftoslope i do'vvnivardlyl and away from said Peuter; boit normally closing by 'grawityl` a passage through the dam-per boXl,said fdalm-per being;

f described;

Amy invention in the best forni asnovvknown`- automatically#partially openedllu'pon aide l crease in pressure on its side avvayffroin'sa-id outer o box,I and i means for rvactuating said damper between {said vpartial fopening z'rndila full 'openingthereoi Y I" 2. The combina-tion with airadiator ofan air conducting boxhaving' a passageway'discharging towardI and r-a round the lo-Wer -part Ot saidA radiator,v and aidoor'hi'nged i-Itsaidf gravity and'restin an inclined positiondown Wa-rdlyl therefrom toward? 1 said@ radiator to close saidpassageway, said doorautomatically opening upon.y existence of alower'pres-- l 3l The combination With'aV radiatorof alr conductingboxhaving a passjaggevvayidis-l charglng 'toward'andv around thev lower parti rre ' boxfrom itstopside to dropnorlnallyf'by..V

sure on the radiator iside of` the door than on A .tle'oppostetsidei' K. K y l of saidradiator,"andl a door"hinged in said Y box from' *its top side tof-drop normally' by' gravity'fandfrest in" an inclined positiroiil dovvn- Y Wardly' "therefrom lftovv-afrdj sai-dfiV radiator .ito` close said; passageway', said doorautoniatically opening .upon existence of alowerflpressure y on the, radiator'fside'of thesdo'ory than; ontl'i-eiJ opposite side?, and thermostat vfnieansopera-f tively connected Withv and .-InovingI-'sai'dldoor upon ,predetermined temperature changes aboutsaidradiator, said means moving said door ibeyondthe. opening caused by said difference in pressure. Y

4: iThe combinationwith a radiator-of an air conducting box having a passageway discharging toward-and around the lower part of said radiator, and a door hinged in said vbox from its top side to drop normally byv gravity and rest in an inclined position downwardly therefrom toward said radiator to fclose said passageway, said door automatically openingupon existencel of a lower pressure on the radiator side of the door than on the opposite side, and thermostat means operatively connected with and Inoviiig said door upon predetermined temperature changes about said radiator, said means moving said door ybeyoiidthe opening caused byl said difference in pressure, and said means also`actuating said door to and from said closed position in the absence of a difference of incoming air, anda shroud plate about in pressure on the two sides of the door.

. 5. InA a combined radiator box base and wall damper, a boxA base surrounding the bottom sides and ends of aradiator having an, air inlet :and discharging across the radiator, a damper box fixed inthe inlet opening of said box and extending into anY air intake l opening through a wall back of the radiator, a damper hinged in the damper boxby itsv upper edge to drop normally by gravity to close a passage through the damper box, said damper being-free to swing torvvard the radiator to an open position, a thermostat mount- Vdoorin the direction of incoming air, and

said stop being located to cause the door to have its upper end sloped angularly toward oncoming air through said box when the door is in a closedv position.

7. In aA radiator box base damper, a

damperbox having a passage to permit air to travel therethrough, a door hinged'in the damper fbox to swing normally by gravity to-close said passage, astop against which the' door strikes-in its closed position, said stop being onthe side of the door in the direction the hinge of said door concealing said-hinge on the incoming air side of the door. V- n 81 In` a device for admitting air to fiow over a radiatoiga dainperbox adjacent'thev radiator open from both its radiator side and.

its air intake'side, a plateiixed in said box and having a passageway therethrough, a door onthe side of the plateitoward said radiator, said door` being hinged in relation to said box to drop by gravity from toward said radiator to cover normally said passageway and rest thereover against said plate` the hinged edge of said door being above said passageway out of the path of therethrough. y Y r Y 9. In a combined radiator box base and wall damper,`a box base removably attached tothe wall,a radiator housing-,removably supported by the box base, 'ar damper `box fixed 'to the base to extend into the wall, a wall box fixed in the wall, a sleeve telescopically surrounding the wall vbox and the damper box, being removably engaged thereby, and a damper carried within the damper box whereby removal of the boxbase withdraws the damper from within the wall.

l0. In a combined radiator box base and wall damper, a. box base having a wall flange,

air passing a damper box telescopically fitted within the back side ofthe box base and extending rearwardly from said flange, a flange around the sides, top and bottom of the damper box therewithin, a door having itsupper edge rolled to engage around a hinge rod, hinge leaves engagingsaid rod and removably fixed tojthe upper side Aof the damper box on the forward side'of said flange to locate the rolled edge ofthe door closely within the upper angle ofthe flange with the box whereby the Y flange on the upper ,side conceals the door hinge `from the -rear side and the door may dropvby gravity to reston said flanges and close the opening through the damper box, and means for lifting the door. y

Iloo

1l. A wall damper box having a passage Y therethrough, a floor within the passageway, a plate turned rearwardly and yupwardly from the front edge of the floor to have its upper en d fixed to thetop of the box and having an opening therethrough, a second plate turned `downwardly and forwardly from the rear edge of the floor and having an opening` therethrough. and doors hingedv by their top sides to swing normally by gravity from the.v

forward sides of the plates to cover said openings.

12. A wall damper box having a passage therethrough, a floor within the passageway, a plate turned rearwardlyV and upwardly from the front edge of the floor to have its upper end fixed to the top of the box andv having an opening therethrough, a second plate turned downwardly and forwardly from the rear edge of the floor and having an opening therethrough, and doors hinged by their top sides to swing normally by gravity from theforward sides'ofl the plates to cover said openings, andhinges support-` ing said doors, said hinges being above said openings and'protected freni the rear side by said plates.

n' 13. In a device for admitting air to How over a radiator, a damper boX adjacent the radiator open from both its radiator side and its air intake side, a plate fixed insaid boxV and having a passageway therethrough, a

door on the side ofthe plate toward ysaid radiator, said door being hinged in relation to said box lto drop by gravity from toward said radiator to cover normally said passageway and rest thereover against said plate,

the hinged edge of said door being above said passageway out of the path of air passing therethrough, said plate being angularly disposed across said `box to slope away from -tlieradiatoix e i 14. The combination with the wallL of a house, of an air conducting boX in the wall having a passageway discharging into the house, and a door hinged in said box from its top side to drop normally by gravity and rest i in an inclined positiony downwardly therefrom and inwardly of the house to close said passageway, said door automatically opening upon the existence of a lower pressure on the inside of the house than on the outside.

Iii testimony whereof I'a'ifix my signature.

CLARENCE C. SHIPP.A 

